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The poinsettia (/p??n's?ti?/p or /??n's?t?/) (Euphorbia pulcherrima) is a commercially important vegetable types of the diverse spurge family. The types is indigenous to Mexico. It really is specifically well known because of its green and red foliage which is trusted in Christmas floral shows. It derives its common English name from Joel Roberts Poinsett,[3] the first United States Minister to Mexico,[4] who introduced the plant to the US in 1825.

Euphorbia pulcherrima is a shrub or small tree, typically attaining a height of 0.6-4 metres (2 ft 0 in-13 ft 1 in). The plant bears dark green dentate leaves that measure 7-16 centimetres (2.8-6.3 in) long. The coloured bracts--which are most flaming red but can be orange often, pale green, cream, pink, white, or marbled--are often recognised incorrectly as bloom petals because of their groupings and colors, but are actually leaves.[citation needed] The colors of the bracts are created through photoperiodism, meaning that they require darkness (12 hours at the same time for at least five days in a row) to improve color. At exactly the same time, the vegetation require considerable light during the full day for the brightest color. The flowers of the poinsettia are unassuming and do not attract pollinators. They are simply grouped within small yellowish structures within the center of every leaf number, and are called cyathia. The poinsettia is native to Mexico. It is found in the wild in deciduous tropical forests at modest elevations from southern Sinaloa down the entire Pacific coast of Mexico to Chiapas and Guatemala. It really is found in the interior in the hot also, seasonally dried out forests of Guerrero, Oaxaca, and Chiapas. Accounts of E. pulcherrima growing in the open in Costa and Nicaragua Rica have yet to be confirmed by botanists. There are over 100 cultivated varieties of poinsettia.

The plant was used by the Aztecs to produce red dye and as an antipyretic medication. In Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs, the plant is named Cuitlaxochitl, meaning "flower that grows in residues or soil" Today it is well known in Mexico and Guatemala as Flor de Noche Buena, meaning Christmas Eve Flower. In Spain it is known as Flor de Pascua or Pascua, indicating Easter flower. In Peru and Chile, the flower became known as Crown of the Andes. In Turkey, it is called Atat?rk's flower because Atat?rk, the creator of the Republic, liked this blossom and made a substantial contribution to its cultivation in Turkey.[citation needed] In Hungarian, it is named Santa Claus' Bloom, and it's widely used as a Xmas decoration.

The plant's connection with Christmas started in 16th-century Mexico, where star tells of a woman, called Pepita or Maria commonly, who was too poor to give a gift for the special event of Jesus' birthday and was encouraged by an angel to assemble weeds from the roadside and place them before the cathedral altar. Crimson blossoms sprouted from the weeds and became beautiful poinsettias. From the 17th century, Franciscan friars in Mexico included the vegetation in their Holiday celebrations. The star-shaped leaf structure is said to symbolize the Celebrity of Bethlehem, and the red color represents the blood vessels sacrifice through the crucifixion of Jesus. Poinsettias are popular Christmas adornments in homes, churches, office buildings, and across THE UNITED STATES elsewhere. They are available in good sized quantities from grocery, drug, and hardware stores. In the United States, Dec 12 is Country wide Poinsettia Day.

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