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The poinsettia (/p??n's?ti?/ or /p??n's?t?/) (Euphorbia pulcherrima) is a commercially important plant species of the diverse spurge family. The species is indigenous to Mexico. It is specifically popular for its green and red foliage which is widely used in Holiday floral shows. It derives its common English name from Joel Roberts Poinsett,[3] the first United States Minister to Mexico,[4] who introduced the plant to the united states in 1825.

Euphorbia pulcherrima is a shrub or small tree, typically reaching a height of 0.6-4 metres (2 ft 0 in-13 ft 1 in). The seed bears dark green dentate leaves that strategy 7-16 centimetres (2.8-6.3 in) long. The colored bracts--which are most flaming red but can be orange often, pale green, cream, pink, white, or marbled--are recognised incorrectly as rose petals for their groupings and colors often, but are leaves actually.[citation needed] The colors of the bracts are manufactured through photoperiodism, and therefore they require darkness (12 hours at a time for at least five days in a row) to improve color. At exactly the same time, the crops require considerable light throughout the day for the brightest color. The flowers of the poinsettia are unassuming , nor attract pollinators. They are simply grouped within small yellow structures found in the center of every leaf bunch, and are called cyathia. The poinsettia is local to Mexico. It really is found in the outrageous in deciduous tropical forests at average elevations from southern Sinaloa down the complete Pacific coast of Mexico to Chiapas and Guatemala. Additionally it is found in the inside in the hot, dried forests of Guerrero seasonally, Oaxaca, and Chiapas. Studies of E. pulcherrima growing in the wild in Costa and Nicaragua Rica have yet to be validated by botanists. You will find over 100 cultivated types of poinsettia.

The plant was used by the Aztecs to produce red dye and as an antipyretic medication. In Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs, the plant is named Cuitlaxochitl, meaning "flower that grows in residues or soil" Today it is well known in Mexico and Guatemala as Flor de Noche Buena, meaning Christmas Eve Flower. In Spain it is known as Flor de Pascua or Pascua, indicating Easter flower. In Peru and Chile, the place became known as Crown of the Andes. In Turkey, it is named Atat?rk's blossom because Atat?rk, the creator of the Republic, liked this blossom and made a substantial contribution to its cultivation in Turkey.[citation needed] In Hungarian, it is called Santa Claus' Flower, and it's widely used as a Holiday decoration.

The plant's connection with Christmas started out in 16th-century Mexico, where story tells of a girl, commonly called Pepita or Maria, who was simply too poor to give a present for the celebration of Jesus' birthday and was inspired by an angel to gather weeds from the roadside and place them before the chapel altar. Crimson blossoms sprouted from the weeds and became beautiful poinsettias. From the 17th century, Franciscan friars in Mexico included the crops in their Xmas get-togethers. The star-shaped leaf pattern is said to symbolize the Celebrity of Bethlehem, and the red color represents the blood vessels sacrifice through the crucifixion of Jesus. Poinsettias are popular Holiday decorations in homes, churches, offices, and in other places across North America. They are available in good sized quantities from grocery, drug, and hardware stores. In america, Dec 12 is Country wide Poinsettia Day.

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