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The poinsettia (/p??n's?ti?/ or /p??n's?t?/) (Euphorbia pulcherrima) is a commercially important plant species of the diverse spurge family. The species is indigenous to Mexico. It is especially popular for its renewable and red foliage and is trusted in Christmas floral shows. It derives its common English name from Joel Roberts Poinsett,[3] the first United States Minister to Mexico,[4] who introduced the plant to the united states in 1825.

Euphorbia pulcherrima is a shrub or small tree, typically reaching a height of 0.6-4 metres (2 ft 0 in-13 ft 1 in). The plant bears dark green dentate leaves that measure 7-16 centimetres (2.8-6.3 in) in length. The colored bracts--which are most flaming red but can be orange often, pale green, cream, red, white, or marbled--are often recognised incorrectly as rose petals because of their groupings and colors, but are actually leaves.[citation needed] The colors of the bracts are created through photoperiodism, meaning that they require darkness (12 hours at the same time for at least five days in a row) to change color. At the same time, the vegetation require abundant light during the full day for the brightest color. The flowers of the poinsettia are unassuming , nor attract pollinators. They are grouped within small yellow structures within the center of every leaf bunch, and are called cyathia. The poinsettia is native to Mexico. It is within the crazy in deciduous exotic forests at modest elevations from southern Sinaloa down the whole Pacific coast of Mexico to Chiapas and Guatemala. It is also found in the inside in the hot, dry out forests of Guerrero seasonally, Oaxaca, and Chiapas. Records of E. pulcherrima growing in the open in Nicaragua and Costa Rica have yet to be validated by botanists. You can find over 100 cultivated varieties of poinsettia.

The plant was employed by the Aztecs to produce red dye and as an antipyretic medication. In Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs, the plant is named Cuitlaxochitl, meaning "flower that grows in residues or soil" Today it is well known in Mexico and Guatemala as Flor de Noche Buena, meaning Christmas Eve Flower. In Spain it is recognized as Flor de Pascua or Pascua, indicating Easter flower. In Peru and Chile, the seed became known as Crown of the Andes. In Turkey, it is called Atat?rk's rose because Atat?rk, the founder of the Republic, liked this flower and made a substantial contribution to its cultivation in Turkey.[citation needed] In Hungarian, it is called Santa Claus' Bloom, and it's trusted as a Christmas decoration.

The plant's relationship with Christmas commenced in 16th-century Mexico, where story tells of a girl, called Pepita or Maria commonly, who was too poor to provide a present for the special event of Jesus' birthday and was motivated by an angel to assemble weeds from the roadside and place them before the cathedral altar. Crimson blossoms sprouted from the weeds and became beautiful poinsettias. From the 17th century, Franciscan friars in Mexico included the vegetation in their Christmas activities. The star-shaped leaf style is thought to symbolize the Superstar of Bethlehem, and the red colorization represents the blood vessels sacrifice through the crucifixion of Jesus. Poinsettias are popular Holiday decorations in homes, churches, office buildings, and across THE UNITED STATES elsewhere. They are available in large numbers from grocery, drug, and hardware stores. In the United States, 12 is National Poinsettia Day december.

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